OSPF 高级配置

这是一个综合的实验，包含了静态路由、默认路由、RIP、OSPF四种路由。通过配置，最终实现全网互通。

实验拓扑

如图所示连接，地址规划如下：

实验过程

R1

R1#conf t  Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.  R1(config)#int f0/0  R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0  R1(config-if)#no sh  R1(config-if)#ex  R1(config)#int f0/1  R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0  R1(config-if)#no sh  R1(config-if)#ex  R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.20.2  

R2

R2#conf t  Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.  R2(config)#int f0/0  R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0  R2(config-if)#no sh  R2(config-if)#ex  R2(config)#int f0/1  R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0  R2(config-if)#no sh  R2(config-if)#ex  R2(config)#router ospf 1  R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2  R2(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1  R2(config-router)#ex  R2(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.20.1  R2(config)#router ospf 1  R2(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets  R2(config-router)#redistribute static subnets  R2(config-router)#ex  

R3

R3#conf t  Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.  R3(config)#int f0/0  R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0  R3(config-if)#no sh  R3(config-if)#ex  R3(config)#int f0/1  R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0  R3(config-if)#no sh  R3(config-if)#ex  R3(config)#int f1/0  R3(config-if)#ip add 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.0  R3(config-if)#no sh  R3(config-if)#ex  R3(config)#int f2/0  R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.70.1 255.255.255.0  R3(config-if)#no sh  R3(config-if)#ex  R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.0.0.2  R3(config)#router ospf 1  R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3  R3(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1  R3(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 0  R3(config-router)#network 192.168.70.0 0.0.0.255 area 0  R3(config-router)#default-information originate  R3(config-router)#ex  

R4

R4#conf t  Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.  R4(config)#int f0/0  R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.2 255.255.255.0  R4(config-if)#no sh  R4(config-if)#ex  R4(config)#int f0/1  R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0  R4(config-if)#no sh  R4(config-if)#ex  R4(config)#router rip  R4(config-router)#version 2  R4(config-router)#no auto-summary  R4(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0  R4(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 5  R4(config-router)#ex  R4(config)#router ospf 1  R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4  R4(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 0  R4(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets  R4(config-router)#ex  

R5

R5#conf t  Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.  R5(config)#int f0/0  R5(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.2 255.255.255.0  R5(config-if)#no sh  R5(config-if)#ex  R5(config)#int f0/1  R5(config-if)#ip add 192.168.60.1 255.255.255.0  R5(config-if)#no sh  R5(config-if)#ex  R5(config)#router rip  R5(config-router)#version 2  R5(config-router)#no auto-summary  R5(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0  R5(config-router)#network 192.168.60.0  R5(config-router)#ex  

R6

R6#conf t  Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.  R6(config)#int f0/0  R6(config-if)#ip add 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.0  R6(config-if)#no sh  R6(config-if)#ex  R6(config)#int f0/1  R6(config-if)#ip add 13.0.0.1 255.255.255.0  R6(config-if)#no sh  R6(config-if)#ex  R6(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 12.0.0.1  

查看路由表

• R1

R1(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is 192.168.20.2 to network 0.0.0.0    C    192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.20.2  

• R2

R2(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is 192.168.30.2 to network 0.0.0.0    C    192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  O E2 192.168.60.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.2, 00:07:57, FastEthernet0/1  S    192.168.10.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.20.1  O IA 192.168.40.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.2, 00:22:05, FastEthernet0/1  C    192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  O E2 192.168.50.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.2, 00:12:35, FastEthernet0/1  O IA 192.168.70.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.30.2, 00:21:37, FastEthernet0/1  O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.30.2, 00:21:17, FastEthernet0/1  

• R3

R3(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is 12.0.0.2 to network 0.0.0.0    C    192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  O E2 192.168.60.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.2, 00:08:05, FastEthernet0/1  O E2 192.168.10.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.1, 00:22:06, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  O E2 192.168.20.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.1, 00:22:06, FastEthernet0/0       12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets  C       12.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0  O E2 192.168.50.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.2, 00:12:50, FastEthernet0/1  C    192.168.70.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0  S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.0.0.2  

• R4

R4(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is 192.168.40.1 to network 0.0.0.0    O IA 192.168.30.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.1, 00:13:22, FastEthernet0/0  R    192.168.60.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.50.2, 00:00:03, FastEthernet0/1  O E2 192.168.10.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.1, 00:13:22, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  O E2 192.168.20.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.1, 00:13:22, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  O    192.168.70.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.40.1, 00:13:22, FastEthernet0/0  O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.40.1, 00:13:24, FastEthernet0/0  

• R5

R5(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is 192.168.50.1 to network 0.0.0.0    R    192.168.30.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.60.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  R    192.168.10.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0  R    192.168.40.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0  R    192.168.20.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  R    192.168.70.0/24 [120/5] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0  R*   0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:19, FastEthernet0/0  

• R6

R6(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is not set         12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets  C       12.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0       13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets  C       13.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  S    192.168.0.0/16 [1/0] via 12.0.0.1  

验证结果

配置 IP 地址

PC1> ip 192.168.10.2 192.168.10.1  Checking for duplicate address...  PC1 : 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.10.1  

PC2> ip 192.168.70.2 192.168.70.1  Checking for duplicate address...  PC1 : 192.168.70.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.70.1  

PC3> ip 192.168.60.2 192.168.60.1  Checking for duplicate address...  PC1 : 192.168.60.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.60.1  

Server> ip 13.0.0.13 13.0.0.1  Checking for duplicate address...  PC1 : 13.0.0.13 255.255.255.0 gateway 13.0.0.1  

ping 测试

PC1> ping 192.168.70.2  192.168.70.2 icmp_seq=1 timeout  192.168.70.2 icmp_seq=2 timeout  84 bytes from 192.168.70.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=58.825 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.70.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=61 time=57.842 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.70.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=61 time=55.705 ms    PC1> ping 13.0.0.13  13.0.0.13 icmp_seq=1 timeout  13.0.0.13 icmp_seq=2 timeout  84 bytes from 13.0.0.13 icmp_seq=3 ttl=60 time=79.911 ms  84 bytes from 13.0.0.13 icmp_seq=4 ttl=60 time=80.635 ms  84 bytes from 13.0.0.13 icmp_seq=5 ttl=60 time=79.938 ms    PC1> ping 192.168.60.2  192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=1 timeout  84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=2 ttl=59 time=100.595 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=59 time=95.884 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=59 time=99.846 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=59 time=101.842 ms