OSPF 多区域配置

通过配置OSPF协议使网络互通。

实验拓扑

如图所示连接，地址规划如下：

配置方法

R1(config)#router ospf 1  R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1  R1(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0  R1(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 0  R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0  R1(config-router)#ex  

配置过程

配置接口 IP 地址

• R1

R1#conf t  Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.  R1(config)#int f0/0  R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0  R1(config-if)#no sh  R1(config-if)#ex  R1(config)#int f0/1  R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.2 255.255.255.0  R1(config-if)#no sh  R1(config-if)#ex  R1(config)#int f1/0  R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0  R1(config-if)#no sh  R1(config-if)#ex  R1(config)#do show ip int b  Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol  FastEthernet0/0            192.168.20.1    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet0/1            192.168.50.2    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet1/0            192.168.10.1    YES manual up                    up  

• R2

R2#conf t  Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.  R2(config)#int f0/0  R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0  R2(config-if)#no sh  R2(config-if)#ex  R2(config)#int f0/1  R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0  R2(config-if)#no sh  R2(config-if)#ex  R2(config)#do show ip int b  Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol  FastEthernet0/0            192.168.20.2    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet0/1            192.168.30.1    YES manual up                    up  

• R3

R3#conf t  Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.  R3(config)#int f0/0  R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0  R3(config-if)#no sh  R3(config-if)#ex  R3(config)#int f0/1  R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0  R3(config-if)#no sh  R3(config-if)#ex  R3(config)#int f1/0  R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.60.1 255.255.255.0  R3(config-if)#no sh  R3(config-if)#ex  R3(config)#do show ip int b  Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol  FastEthernet0/0            192.168.30.2    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet0/1            192.168.40.1    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet1/0            192.168.60.1    YES manual up                    up  

• R4

R4#conf t  Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.  R4(config)#int f0/0  R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.2 255.255.255.0  R4(config-if)#no sh  R4(config-if)#ex  R4(config)#int f0/1  R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0  R4(config-if)#no sh  R4(config-if)#ex  R4(config)#do show ip int b  Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol  FastEthernet0/0            192.168.40.2    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet0/1            192.168.50.1    YES manual up                    up  

配置 loopback IP 地址

• R1

R1(config)#int loopback 0  R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255  R1(config-if)#no sh  R1(config-if)#ex  R1(config)#do show ip int b  Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol  FastEthernet0/0            192.168.20.1    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet0/1            192.168.50.2    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet1/0            192.168.10.1    YES manual up                    up  Loopback0                  1.1.1.1         YES manual up                    up  R1(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is not set         1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets  C       1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0  C    192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0  C    192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  

• R2

R2(config)#int loopback 0  R2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255  R2(config-if)#no sh  R2(config-if)#ex  R2(config)#do show ip int b  Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol  FastEthernet0/0            192.168.20.2    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet0/1            192.168.30.1    YES manual up                    up  Loopback0                  2.2.2.2         YES manual up                    up  R2(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is not set         2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets  C       2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0  C    192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  C    192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  

• R3

R3(config)#int loopback 0  R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255  R3(config-if)#no sh  R3(config-if)#ex  R3(config)#do show ip int b  Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol  FastEthernet0/0            192.168.30.2    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet0/1            192.168.40.1    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet1/0            192.168.60.1    YES manual up                    up  Loopback0                  3.3.3.3         YES manual up                    up  R3(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is not set         3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets  C       3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0  C    192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.60.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0  C    192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  

• R4

R4(config)#int loopback 0  R4(config-if)#ip add 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255  R4(config-if)#no sh  R4(config-if)#ex  R4(config)#do show ip int b  Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol  FastEthernet0/0            192.168.40.2    YES manual up                    up  FastEthernet0/1            192.168.50.1    YES manual up                    up  Loopback0                  4.4.4.4         YES manual up                    up  R4(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is not set         4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets  C       4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0  C    192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  

配置 OSPF

• R1

R1(config)#router ospf 1  R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1  R1(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0  R1(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 0  R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0  R1(config-router)#ex  

• R2

R2(config)#router ospf 1  R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2  R2(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0  R2(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1  R2(config-router)#ex  

• R3

R3(config)#router ospf 1  R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3  R3(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1  R3(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 1  R3(config-router)#network 192.168.60.0 0.0.0.255 area 1  R3(config-router)#ex  

• R4

R4(config)#router ospf 1  R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4  R4(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 1  R4(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 0  R4(config-router)#ex  

查看路由表

• R1

R1(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is not set         1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets  C       1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0  O IA 192.168.30.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.20.2, 00:15:07, FastEthernet0/0  O IA 192.168.60.0/24 [110/21] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:41, FastEthernet0/1                       [110/21] via 192.168.20.2, 00:00:41, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0  O IA 192.168.40.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.50.1, 00:05:52, FastEthernet0/1  C    192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  

• R2

R2(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is not set         2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets  C       2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0  C    192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  O    192.168.60.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.30.2, 00:01:09, FastEthernet0/1  O    192.168.10.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.20.1, 00:02:26, FastEthernet0/0  O    192.168.40.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.2, 00:10:33, FastEthernet0/1  C    192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  O    192.168.50.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.20.1, 00:06:15, FastEthernet0/0  

• R3

R3(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is not set         3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets  C       3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0  C    192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.60.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0  O IA 192.168.10.0/24 [110/21] via 192.168.40.2, 00:02:35, FastEthernet0/1                       [110/21] via 192.168.30.1, 00:02:35, FastEthernet0/0  C    192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  O IA 192.168.20.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.1, 00:10:38, FastEthernet0/0  O IA 192.168.50.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.2, 00:06:34, FastEthernet0/1  

• R4

R4(config)#do show ip route  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP         D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area         N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2         E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2         i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2         ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route         o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route    Gateway of last resort is not set    O    192.168.30.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.1, 00:06:51, FastEthernet0/0  O    192.168.60.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.40.1, 00:01:27, FastEthernet0/0       4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets  C       4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0  O    192.168.10.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.50.2, 00:02:44, FastEthernet0/1  C    192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0  O    192.168.20.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.50.2, 00:06:36, FastEthernet0/1  C    192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1  

验证结果

• 配置VPC的IP地址

PC1> ip 192.168.10.2 192.168.10.1  Checking for duplicate address...  PC1 : 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.10.1  

PC2> ip 192.168.60.2 192.168.60.1  Checking for duplicate address...  PC1 : 192.168.60.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.60.1  

• 测试可以相互ping通

PC1> ping 192.168.60.2  192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=1 timeout  84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=59.831 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=63.507 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=61 time=57.735 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=61 time=64.449 ms  

PC2> ping 192.168.10.2  84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=1 ttl=61 time=58.141 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=55.996 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=64.000 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=61 time=56.732 ms  84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=61 time=65.020 ms